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''Pica'' is the genus of two to four species of birds in the family Corvidae in both the New World and the Old. They have long tails and have predominantly black and white markings. One species ranges widely from Europe through Asia, one occurs in western North America and the third is restricted to California. They are usually considered closely related to the blue and green magpies of Asia, but recent research suggests their closest relatives are instead the Eurasian crows.〔Ericson, Per G. P.; Jansén, Anna-Lee; Johansson, Ulf S. & Ekman, Jan (2005). Inter-generic relationships of the crows, jays, magpies and allied groups (Aves: Corvidae) based on nucleotide sequence data. ''Journal of Avian Biology'' 36: 222-234. (PDF fulltext )〕 Two or three species were generally recognized, the Yellow-billed and one or two black-billed ones. Recent research has cast doubt on the taxonomy of the ''Pica'' magpies.〔Lee, Sang-im; Parr, Cynthia S.; Hwang,Youna; Mindell, David P. & Choea, Jae C. (2003). Phylogeny of magpies (genus ''Pica'') inferred from mtDNA data. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 29: 250-257. (PDF fulltext )〕 ''P. hudsonia'' and ''P. nuttalli'' are each other's closest relatives, but may not be different species. If they are, however, at least the Korean race of ''P. pica'' would have to be considered a separate species, too. *Eurasian magpie, ''Pica pica'' – Europe and Asia * *Korean magpie, ''Pica (pica) sericea'' – eastern Asia *Yellow-billed magpie, ''Pica nuttalli'' – California *Black-billed magpie, ''Pica hudsonia'' – western half of North America A prehistoric species of ''Pica'', ''Pica mourerae'', is known from fossils found in Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary strata on Mallorca. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pica (genus)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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